持续交付概述：定义、价值与演进

name: CI/CD Pipeline

on:
  push:
    branches: [main]
  pull_request:
    branches: [main]

env:
  REGISTRY: ghcr.io
  IMAGE_NAME: ${{ github.repository }}

jobs:
  # 阶段一：代码检查与单元测试
  test:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Checkout code
        uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Setup runtime
        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
        with:
          go-version: '1.22'

      - name: Run linter
        uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v6
        with:
          version: latest

      - name: Run unit tests
        run: go test -v -race -coverprofile=coverage.out ./...

      - name: Upload coverage
        uses: codecov/codecov-action@v4
        with:
          files: ./coverage.out

  # 阶段二：构建容器镜像
  build:
    needs: test
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      contents: read
      packages: write
    steps:
      - name: Checkout code
        uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Log in to Container Registry
        uses: docker/login-action@v3
        with:
          registry: ${{ env.REGISTRY }}
          username: ${{ github.actor }}
          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}

      - name: Extract metadata
        id: meta
        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
        with:
          images: ${{ env.REGISTRY }}/${{ env.IMAGE_NAME }}
          tags: |
            type=sha,prefix=
            type=ref,event=branch

      - name: Build and push image
        uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
        with:
          context: .
          push: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' }}
          tags: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.tags }}
          labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}
          cache-from: type=gha
          cache-to: type=gha,mode=max

  # 阶段三：部署到 Staging
  deploy-staging:
    needs: build
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    if: github.event_name == 'push' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
    environment: staging
    steps:
      - name: Deploy to staging
        run: |
          echo "Deploying ${{ env.REGISTRY }}/${{ env.IMAGE_NAME }}:sha-$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) to staging"
          # 实际部署逻辑：kubectl apply / argocd app sync 等

  # 阶段四：部署到 Production
  deploy-production:
    needs: deploy-staging
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    if: github.event_name == 'push' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
    environment: production
    steps:
      - name: Deploy to production
        run: |
          echo "Deploying to production with canary strategy"
          # 实际部署逻辑：渐进式发布 / 金丝雀部署等